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Therefore the light intensity should be recovered. Optical fiber amplifier is used for this purpose. Optical amplifier consists of an erbium doped fiber (EDF) and a pumping laser. By introducing the strong pumping light to EDF the signal light can be amplified by stimulated emission from Er ion. ~Z~b= !Amplification by Er ionEDF absorbs light with wavelength of 980nm or1480nm and emits infrared light with wavelength of1530nm. Optical amplification is possible utilizing stimulated emission of the 1530-nm luminescence. Inputting pumping laser light into EDF, Er ion become excited by absorbing the laser light and the signal light stimulate to make a transition to the ground level emitting the light with wavelength around 1530 nm, which is close to the signal light wavelength. Thus the incident light is amplified utilizing the emitted light. Luminescent intensity and spectrum width differ from sample to sample according to the concentration of doped Er-ion. The broader the bandwidth of the emission band the broader the bandwidth of communication. Pl na8Component  Optical isolator(GOptical isolator is an optical component that makes the light direction oneway. Operation of laser diodes (LD) and optical amplifiers (EDFA) become unstable and generate noise when returned light enters. Optical isolator utilize Faraday effect to cut off the returned beam and stabilize the operation of lasers and amplifiers. &HZF "H Polarization-dependent isolator   !Polarization-independent isolator""(  `Component  WDM=wavelength division multiplexing1 (%$WDM technique can increase communication capacity by transmitting many different light signal of different wavelength simultaneously. Fiber cables can utilize wavelength region from 1450 to1650nm since the transmission loss is very low (less than 0.3dB/km) in this region.Z  Optical add-dropOptical add-drop can separately drop desired wavelength from multiplexed-signal network or can add a particular wavelength to the network  )Optoelectronic integrated circuits (OEIC)**(~Integration of optical and electronic semiconductor devices Two types of OEIC exist One is integration of light emitting devices (example: LD) and driving FET circuits The other is integration of optical detection device like PD and electronic circuits for amplification and signal processing Compound semiconductors such as GaAs-based and InP-based alloy semiconductors are used. 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"2 ;+Optical components.-@Arial-. 2 G2Prof. .-@Arial-. 2 GBKatsuaki.-@Arial-.  2 G^Sato.-՜.+,0    A4 210 x 297 mmTUATnzG Ariallr oSVbN lr oVerdanaTimes New Roman WfUCMIntroduction to Optoelectronics Optical communication (3) Optical componentsOptical components Component (3) Optical detectors PhotodiodePhotodetectionFundamentals of photodiodeComponent S Fiber amplifierAmplification by Er ionComponent T Optical isolator Polarization-dependent isolator"Polarization-independent isolator2Component U WDM=wavelength division multiplexingOptical add-drop*Optoelectronic integrated circuits (OEIC)Magneto-optical circulator gpĂtHgfUC ev[gXCh ^Cg_㼰0K.SatoK.Sato  !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~      !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefhijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~Root EntrydO)NM& PicturesCurrent User+2SummaryInformation(xPowerPoint Document(gnDocumentSummaryInformation8,Td{ܖ 0ܖ0DVerdana RomanTTd{ܖ 0ܖ"@DTimes New RomanTTd{ܖ 0ܖ@ .  @n?" dd@  @@`` H  -  /,b$=G{stv"b$҇0=&U "5"R$wŅ}=Zjo.Xb$gdU>Ш UBr$$E2fY_,I!)ib$?&!qcNb$jkxb*0W, Lr$ h>"f[gi`xr$߿ߝXoixR$ɮRmL>T2y 0AA 333ff3@33qʚ;;3ʚ;g4;d;d 0pp&<4dddd w 0T@{ v0___PPT10 pp6___PPT9{?  %LIntroduction to Optoelectronics Optical communication (3) Optical componentsMM(Prof. Katsuaki Sato "Optical componentsPrevious lectures (1) Optical fibers Transmission of light by total reflection (2) Laser diodes The pn-junction is forward biased Above threshold current lasing occurs High density of carriers and photons are confined in thin active layer (DH structure)L%*%*dComponent (3) Optical detectors (Using photodiode Very fast response required pin photodiode or Schottky junction photodiode are used As material for photodiode InGaAs semiconductors are used,?9  Photodiode  PhotodetectionPin-PD Schottky PD Response is determined by capacitance of depletion layer where photocarrier flows Thinning of depletion layer and reduction of junction area is necessaryZ,C O Fundamentals of photodiodeIlluminate the pn junction Electrons and holes are generated by an excitation across the gap Generated electrons and holes are separated and drift to electrodes by diffusion potential 6Component  Fiber amplifier(Light signal traveling in optical fiber for 100 km suffers 20 dB1/100 attenuation. Therefore the light intensity should be recovered. Optical fiber amplifier is used for this purpose. Optical amplifier consists of an erbium doped fiber (EDF) and a pumping laser. By introducing the strong pumping light to EDF the signal light can be amplified by stimulated emission from Er ion. ~Z~B@.Amplification by Er ionEDF absorbs light with wavelength of 980nm or1480nm and emits infrared light with wavelength of1530nm. Optical amplification is possible utilizing stimulated emission of the 1530-nm luminescence. Inputting pumping laser light into EDF, Er ion become excited by absorbing the laser light and the signal light stimulate to make a transition to the ground level emitting the light with wavelength around 1530 nm, which is close to the signal light wavelength. Thus the incident light is amplified utilizing the emitted light. Luminescent intensity and spectrum width differ from sample to sample according to the concentration of doped Er-ion. The broader the bandwidth of the emission band the broader the bandwidth of communication. P,b8Component  Optical isolator(GOptical isolator is an optical component that makes the light direction oneway. Operation of laser diodes (LD) and optical amplifiers (EDFA) become unstable and generate noise when returned light enters. Optical isolator utilize Faraday effect to cut off the returned beam and stabilize the operation of lasers and amplifiers. &HZF H Polarization-dependent isolator   !Polarization-independent isolator""(  `Component  WDM=wavelength division multiplexing1 (%$WDM technique can increase communication capacity by transmitting many different light signal of different wavelength simultaneously. Fiber cables can utilize wavelength region from 1450 to1650nm since the transmission loss is very low (less than 0.3dB/km) in this region.Z  Optical add-dropOptical add-drop can separately drop desired wavelength from multiplexed-signal network or can add a particular wavelength to the network  )Optoelectronic integrated circuits (OEIC)**(~Integration of optical and electronic semiconductor devices Two types of OEIC exist One is integration of light emitting devices (example: LD) and driving FET circuits The other is integration of optical detection device like PD and electronic circuits for amplification and signal processing Compound semiconductors such as GaAs-based and InP-based alloy semiconductors are used. 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